Here are some of the latest health and medical news developments, compiled by the editors of HealthDay:
Keeping Donated Livers Warm, Rather than Cool, May Help Them Last Longer: Study
Keeping donated livers warm, rather than cool, may keep them usable for a longer time and make more available for transplant, a new study suggests.
British researchers found that donated livers kept functioning when hooked to a machine that kept them at body temperature and full of blood and nutrients, the Associated Press reported.
In the study, 220 newly donated livers were either put into coolers as usual or stored for 24 hours in the machine made by Britain’s OrganOx Ltd. Compared to the livers kept on ice, the warmed livers had less cellular damage, a risk for transplant failure.
And while the warmed livers were stored several hours longer than the cooled livers, 20 percent fewer warmed livers had to be discarded, according to the study published Wednesday in the journal Nature, the AP reported.
“The biggest challenge in liver transplantation is the desperate shortage of organs,” said study leader Dr. David Nasralla, University of Oxford. “We found that livers that went on the machine were more likely to be transplanted.”
This is “the first radically different approach to organ preservation,” Dr. David Klassen of the United Network for Organ Sharing, which supervises the U.S. transplant system, told the AP.
He described it as “really exciting technology” that might prove appropriate for certain organ donations, but not all of them.
Similar machines are being considered for lung and heart transplants, the AP reported.
Nearly 115,000 people are on the waiting list for an organ transplant in the U.S., but last year there were just 34,770 transplants performed nationwide. Each year, thousands of people die waiting for a new organ.
Along with too few organ donations, storage times for donated organs are only about four to six hours for a heart or lung, and about 12 hours for a liver, the AP reported.
—–
Early and Quick Turnaround Deployments Increase U.S. Soldiers’ Suicide Risk: Study
U.S. soldiers have a higher risk of suicide if they’re sent to a war zone soon after joining the military or if they have repeat deployments six months or less apart, researchers say.
They looked at 593 men and women in the U.S. Army who had been deployed twice and who attempted suicide between 2004 and 2009, NBC News reported.
“Those who served 12 or fewer months before their first deployment were approximately twice as likely to attempt suicide during or after their second deployment compared with those who had more time to train and acclimate to the military before initial deployment,” Dr. Robert Ursano, of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and colleagues wrote.
Soldiers who were re-deployed within six months or less were 60 percent more likely to attempt suicide, according to the study in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.
Short periods between deployments are common in the U.S. military as it sends troops to Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria, and there are rising rates of suicide among veterans. In 2014, an average of 20 veterans died by suicide each day, the Veterans Affairs Department says, NBC News reported.
“Rates of suicidal behaviors, including suicide deaths, attempts, and ideation, among U.S. Army soldiers increased considerably during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan,” Ursano and colleagues wrote.
The study findings make sense psychologically, Time Barclay, a clinical psychologist at the nonprofit Collateral Damage Project, which provides free mental health treatment to veterans.
Combat “literally changes the brain at a functional and cellular level,” he told NBC News. “It causes an overreaction of the sympathetic nervous system that doesn’t shut off.”
Being deployed too soon after joining the military increases that stress, according to Patricia Spencer, who trains social workers about military culture.
These new soldiers “haven’t had a chance yet to really bond with their unit, their squad,” Spencer told NBC News.
“In suicide prevention we know that connections and having a sense of connection can be a protective factor. Somebody brand new into the military, they are not going to have quite that sense of connection with their unit and squad,” she explained.
Copyright © 2024 HealthDay. All rights reserved.